本文最后更新于:2020年7月15日 凌晨
Latex常用语法
因为每次都要找,不如总结下来。网页端又显示不正常了,哎,有空闲再调把~
空格
两个quad空格 |
a \qquad b |
 |
两个m的宽度 |
quad空格 |
a \quad b |
 |
一个m的宽度 |
大空格 |
a\ b |
 |
1/3m宽度 |
中等空格 |
a\;b |
 |
2/7m宽度 |
小空格 |
a\,b |
 |
1/6m宽度 |
没有空格 |
ab |
 |
|
紧贴 |
a!b |
 |
缩进1/6m*宽度 |
空格
注意TEX能够自动处理大多数的空格,但是您有时候需要自己来控制。
功能 |
语法 |
显示 |
宽度 |
2个quad空格 |
\alpha\qquad\beta |
 |
 |
quad空格 |
\alpha\quad\beta |
 |
 |
大空格 |
\alpha\ \beta |
 |
 |
中等空格 |
\alpha\;\beta |
 |
 |
小空格 |
\alpha\,\beta |
 |
 |
没有空格 |
\alpha\beta |
 |
 |
紧贴 |
\alpha\!\beta |
 |
 |
声调
语法 |
效果 |
语法 |
效果 |
语法 |
效果 |
\bar{x} |
 |
\acute{\eta} |
 |
\check{\alpha} |
 |
\grave{\eta} |
 |
\breve{a} |
 |
\ddot{y} |
 |
\dot{x} |
 |
\hat{\alpha} |
 |
\tilde{\iota} |
 |
微分
语法 |
效果 |
语法 |
效果 |
语法 |
效果 |
\nabla |
 |
\partial x |
 |
\mathrm{d}x |
 |
\dot x |
 |
\ddot y |
 |
|
括号
功能 |
语法 |
显示 |
不好看 |
( \frac{1}{2} ) |
 |
好看了 |
\left( \frac{1}{2} \right) |
 |
您可以使用 \left
和 \right
来显示不同的括号:
$\left [ 0,1 \right ) \left \langle \psi \right |$
功能 |
语法 |
显示 |
圆括号,小括号 |
\left( \frac{a}{b} \right) |
|
方括号,中括号 |
`\left[ \frac{a}{b} \right]` |
![\left[ \frac{a}{b} \right]](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/8/5/8/8585c96f355f7e301fd5143bea32efaf.png) |
花括号,大括号 |
`\left\{ \frac{a}{b} \right\}` |
 |
角括号 |
`\left \langle \frac{a}{b} \right \rangle` |
 |
单竖线,绝对值 |
`\left\| \frac{a}{b} \right\|` |
 |
双竖线,范 |
`\left \| \frac{a}{b} \right \|` |
 |
取整函数 (Floor function) |
`\left \lfloor \frac{a}{b} \right \rfloor` |
 |
取顶函数 (Ceiling function) |
`\left \lceil \frac{c}{d} \right \rceil` |
 |
斜线与反斜线 |
`\left / \frac{a}{b} \right \backslash` |
 |
<span style='color:blue'>上下箭头</span> |
`\left \uparrow \frac{a}{b} \right \downarrow` |
 |
<span style='color:blue'>上下箭头</span> |
`\left \Uparrow \frac{a}{b} \right \Downarrow` |
 |
<span style='color:blue'>上下箭头</span> |
`\left \updownarrow \frac{a}{b} \right\Updownarrow` |
 |
混合括号 |
`\left [ 0,1 \right ) \left \langle \psi \right \|` |
  |
单左括号 |
`\left \{ \frac{a}{b} \right .` |
 |
单右括号 |
`\left . \frac{a}{b} \right \}` |
 |
上标、下标及积分等
功能 |
语法 |
效果 |
上标 |
a^2 |
 |
下标 |
a_2 |
 |
组合 |
a^{2+2} |
 |
组合 |
a_{i,j} |
 |
结合上下标 |
x_2^3 |
 |
前置上下标 |
{}_1^2\!X_3^4 |
 |
导数 (HTML) |
x' |
 |
导数 (PNG) |
x^\prime |
 |
导数 (错误) |
x\prime |
 |
导数点 |
\dot{x} |
 |
导数点 |
\ddot{y} |
 |
向量 |
\vec{c} |
 |
向量 |
\overleftarrow{a b} |
 |
向量 |
\overrightarrow{c d} |
 |
向量 |
\widehat{e f g} |
 |
上弧 |
\overset{\frown} {AB} |
 |
上划线 |
\overline{h i j} |
 |
下划线 |
\underline{k l m} |
 |
上括号 |
\overbrace{1+2+\cdots+100} |
 |
上括号 |
\begin{matrix} 5050 \\ \overbrace{ 1+2+\cdots+100 }\end{matrix} |
 |
下括号 |
\underbrace{a+b+\cdots+z} |
 |
下括号 |
\begin{matrix} \underbrace{ a+b+\cdots+z } \\ 26\end{matrix} |
 |
求和 |
\sum_{k=1}^N k^2 |
 |
求和 |
\begin{matrix} \sum_{k=1}^N k^2 \end{matrix} |
 |
求积 |
\prod_{i=1}^N x_i |
 |
求积 |
\begin{matrix} \prod_{i=1}^N x_i \end{matrix} |
 |
上积 |
\coprod_{i=1}^N x_i |
 |
上积 |
\begin{matrix} \coprod_{i=1}^N x_i\end{matrix} |
 |
极限 |
\lim_{n \to \infty}x_n |
 |
极限 |
\begin{matrix} \lim_{n \to \infty}x_n\end{matrix} |
 |
积分 |
\int_{-N}^{N} e^x\, dx |
 |
积分 |
\begin{matrix} \int_{-N}^{N} e^x\, dx\end{matrix} |
 |
双重积分 |
\iint_{D}^{W} \, dx\,dy |
 |
三重积分 |
\iiint_{E}^{V} \, dx\,dy\,dz |
 |
四重积分 |
\iiiint_{F}^{U} \, dx\,dy\,dz\,dt |
 |
闭合的曲线、曲面积分 |
\oint_{C} x^3\, dx + 4y^2\, dy |
 |
交集 |
\bigcap_1^{n} p |
 |
并集 |
\bigcup_1^{k} p |
 |
上弧 (注: 正确应该用 \overarc, 但在这里行不通。要用建议的语法作为解决办法)
功能 |
语法 |
效果 |
分数 |
\frac{2}{4}=0.5 |
 |
小型分数 |
\tfrac{2}{4} = 0.5 |
 |
大型分数(嵌套) |
\cfrac{2}{c + \cfrac{2}{d + \cfrac{2}{4}}} =a |
 |
大型分数(不嵌套) |
\dfrac{2}{4} = 0.5 \qquad \dfrac{2}{c + \dfrac{2}{d +\dfrac{2}{4}}} = a |
 |
二项式系数 |
\dbinom{n}{r}=\binom{n}{n-r}=C^n_r=C^n_{n-r} |
 |
小型二项式系数 |
\tbinom{n}{r}=\tbinom{n}{n-r}=C^n_r=C^n_{n-r} |
 |
大型二项式系数 |
\binom{n}{r}=\dbinom{n}{n-r}=C^n_r=C^n_{n-r} |
 |
矩阵 |
\begin{matrix} x & y \\ z & v \end{matrix} |
 |
矩阵 |
\begin{vmatrix} x & y \\ z & v \end{vmatrix} |
 |
矩阵 |
\begin{Vmatrix} x & y \\ z & v \end{Vmatrix} |
 |
矩阵 |
\begin{bmatrix} 0 & \cdots & 0 \\ \vdots & \ddots & \vdots \\ 0 & \cdots & 0 \end{bmatrix} |
 |
矩阵 |
\begin{Bmatrix} x & y \\ z & v \end{Bmatrix} |
 |
矩阵 |
\begin{pmatrix} x & y \\ z & v \end{pmatrix} |
 |
矩阵 |
\bigl( \begin{smallmatrix} a&b\\ c&d \end{smallmatrix} \bigr) |
 |
条件定义 |
f(n) = \begin{cases} n/2, & \mbox{if }n\mbox{ is even} \\ 3n+1, & \mbox{if }n\mbox{ is odd} \end{cases} |
 |
多行等式 |
\begin{align} f(x) & = (m+n)^2 \\ & = m^2+2mn+n^2 \\ \end{align} |
 |
多行等式 |
\begin{alignat}{2} f(x) & = (m-n)^2 \\ f(x) & = (-m+n)^2 \\ & = m^2-2mn+n^2 \\ \end{alignat} |
 |
多行等式(左对齐) |
\begin{array}{lcl} z & = & a \\ f(x,y,z) & = & x + y + z \end{array} |
 |
多行等式(右对齐) |
\begin{array}{lcr} z & = & a \\ f(x,y,z) & = & x + y + z \end{array} |
 |
长公式换行 |
<math>f(x) \,\!</math> <math>= \sum_{n=0}^\infty a_n x^n </math> <math>= a_0+a_1x+a_2x^2+\cdots</math> |
   |
方程组 |
\begin{cases} 3x + 5y + z \\ 7x - 2y + 4z \\ -6x + 3y + 2z \end{cases} |
 |
数组 |
`\begin{array}{ |
c |
c |
|
c |
} a & b & S \\ \hline 0&0&1\\ 0&1&1\\ 1&0&1\\ 1&1&0\\ \end{array} ` |
 |
参考资料
自动生成latex, html…类型表格(单个表格插入很方便)
latex公式非常非常全面
Excel、URL、Markdown、HTML、JSON、CSV/TSV各种表格形式转换
上个链接的使用说明